SECTION 49
PILING
327
49-4 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE PILES
49-4.01 DESCRIPTION
• Cast-in-place concrete piles shall consist of one of the following:
A. Steel shells driven permanently to the required bearing value and
penetration and filled with concrete.
B. Drilled holes filled with concrete.
• The drilling of holes shall conform to the provisions in these specifications.
Concrete filling for cast-in-place concrete piles is designated by compressive
strength and shall have a minimum 28-day compressive strength of 25 MPa
{3,600 pounds per square inch}. The combined aggregate grading for the concrete
shall be the 25-mm {one inch} maximum grading. Concrete shall conform to the
provisions in Section 90, "Portland Cement Concrete," and Section 51, "Concrete
Structures." Reinforcement shall conform to the provisions in Section 52,
"Reinforcement."
• Cast-in-place concrete piles shall be constructed so that the excavation
methods and the concrete placement procedures shall provide for placing the
concrete against undisturbed material in a dry or dewatered hole.
• The concrete filling for cast-in-place concrete piles shall be dense and
homogeneous. The methods used to place the concrete shall prevent segregation.
Concrete placed in steel shells, dry drilled holes or dewatered drilled holes shall not
be permitted to fall from a height greater than 2.5 m {8 feet} without the use of
adjustable length pipes or tubes unless the flow of concrete is directed into the
center of the hole using a hopper and not allowed to strike the reinforcement,
reinforcement bracing and other objects in the hole.
• Concrete filling for cast-in-place concrete piles shall be vibrated in the upper
5 m {15 feet} of the pile.
• Section 51-1.10, "Concrete Deposited Under Water," shall not apply to
cast-in-drilled-hole concrete piling.
• After placing concrete, the temporarily exposed surfaces of the cast-in-place
concrete piles shall be cured in conformance with the provisions in Section 90-7.03,
"Curing Structures."
49-4.02 (BLANK)
49-4.03 DRILLED HOLES
• Except for cast-in-place concrete piling for soundwalls and retaining walls,
when cast-in-place concrete piling is less than 600 mm {2 feet} in diameter, the
Contractor may propose to increase the diameter and revise the pile tip elevation.
The Contractor may propose to increase the diameter of cast-in-place concrete
piling for soundwalls and retaining walls, but the pile tip elevations shall not be
revised. No additional compensation or delays will be made for the Contractor's
use of increased diameter cast-in-place concrete piling.
• The axis of the hole shall not deviate from plumb more than 40 mm
{1
1/2
inches} per 3 m {10 feet} of length.
• Care shall be taken during excavation to prevent disturbing the foundation
material surrounding the pile. Equipment or methods used for excavating holes
shall not cause quick soil conditions or cause scouring or caving of the hole. After



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