SECTION 40
PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
296
pavement that conforms to those requirements will constitute cause for stopping
placement of concrete until the deficiency or malfunction is corrected.
• Spreading, compacting and shaping shall also conform to the following:
40-1.07A Stationary Side Form Construction
• Side form sections shall be straight, free from warps, bends, indentations or
other defects. Defective forms shall be removed from the work. Metal side forms
shall be used except at end closures and transverse contact joints where straight
forms of other suitable materials may be used.
• Side forms may be built up by rigidly attaching a section to either top or
bottom of forms. If the build-up is attached to the top of metal forms, the build-up
shall be of metal.
• Width of the base of all forms shall be equal to at least 80 percent of specified
pavement thickness.
• Side forms shall be of sufficient rigidity, both in the form and in the
interlocking connection with adjoining forms, that springing will not occur under
the force from subgrading and paving equipment or from the pressure of concrete.
The Contractor shall provide sufficient forms so that there will be no delay in
placing the concrete due to lack of forms.
• Before placing side forms, the underlying material shall be at the proper grade.
Side forms shall have full bearing upon the foundation throughout their length and
width of base and shall be placed to the required grade and alignment of the edge of
the finished pavement. They shall be firmly supported during the entire operation
of placing, compacting and finishing the pavement.
• Immediately in advance of placing concrete and after all subgrade operations
are completed, side forms shall be trued and maintained to the required line and
grade for a distance sufficient to prevent delay in placing concrete.
• Side forms shall remain in place until the day after placing the concrete, and in
all cases until the edge of the pavement no longer requires the protection of the
forms.
• Side forms shall be thoroughly cleaned and oiled each time they are used and
before concrete is placed against them.
• Concrete shall be spread, screeded, shaped and consolidated by one or more
machines. These machines shall uniformly distribute and consolidate concrete
without segregation so that completed pavement will conform to required cross
section with a minimum of handwork.
• The number and capacity of machines furnished shall be adequate to perform
the work required at a rate equal to that of concrete delivery.
• Concrete for the full paving width shall be effectively consolidated by means
of surface vibrators, internal vibrators or by some other method of consolidation
that produces equivalent results without segregation.
• When vibrators are used to consolidate concrete, the rate of vibration shall be
not less than 3500 cycles per minute for surface vibrators and shall be not less than
5000 cycles per minute for internal vibrators. Amplitude of vibration shall be
sufficient to be perceptible on the surface of concrete more than 0.3-m {one foot}
from the vibrating element. The Contractor shall furnish a tachometer or other
suitable device for measuring and indicating frequency of vibration.



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